Action Catalog

Climate Actions Glossary

24 actions. How they work, including the trade-offs. Your quiz picks 3–5 that fit you. The full list is here.

Limit long-haul flights
MobilityHigh impact · High effort

Limit long-haul flights

How it works

Cuts the massive fuel burn required to lift heavy aircraft and fly thousands of miles.

Context & nuance

Aviation has no green scale yet; carbon offsets rarely neutralise high-altitude non-CO2 effects.

Single biggest personal reduction for high-earners.

Switch to an Electric Vehicle
MobilityHigh impact · High effort

Switch to an Electric Vehicle

How it works

Replaces internal combustion (burning oil) with an electric motor that is 3x-4x more efficient.

Context & nuance

Grid dependent; if your local grid is 100% coal, an EV is essentially a 'coal-powered car'.

Depends on grid greenness and charging infra.

Use bike or walking for <5km
MobilityMedium impact · Medium effort

Use bike or walking for <5km

How it works

Uses human energy instead of fossil fuels for the 'last mile' of daily travel.

Context & nuance

Safety over Carbon; without protected lanes, the 'effort' is often a physical risk.

Health co-benefits; infrastructure dependent.

Use rail/bus over private car
MobilityMedium impact · Medium effort

Use rail/bus over private car

How it works

Moves many people using a single engine, drastically reducing the energy used per person.

Context & nuance

Occupancy matters; a near-empty diesel bus can have a higher footprint than a full efficient car.

High impact in urban settings.

Choose rail for regional travel
MobilityMedium impact · Low effort

Choose rail for regional travel

How it works

Electric trains use a fraction of the energy per kilometer compared to short-haul jet takeoff.

Context & nuance

Time vs. Carbon; only effective if high-speed rail exists; slow diesel trains have diminishing returns.

'Flight shame' movement focus; very effective in EU/Asia.

Regular ride-sharing
MobilityLow impact · Medium effort

Regular ride-sharing

How it works

Divides the carbon cost of a single vehicle trip across two or more passengers.

Context & nuance

Consistency is key; occasional carpooling has negligible impact compared to daily habit changes.

Bridge action for low-infrastructure areas.

Replace gas/oil with heat pump
EnergyHigh impact · High effort

Replace gas/oil with heat pump

How it works

Instead of creating heat by burning fuel, it moves heat from the outside air into your home.

Context & nuance

Heat pumps are 3-4x more efficient than boilers, but still rely on the carbon intensity of the grid.

Decarbonizes the most energy-intensive home load.

Upgrade insulation
EnergyHigh impact · High effort

Upgrade insulation

How it works

Creates a thermal barrier that keeps expensive heat (or cooling) inside the house longer.

Context & nuance

The 'Leaky Bucket' rule; installing high-tech heating is a waste if the heat escapes through the roof.

Best ROI; reduces demand permanently.

Switch to 100% renewable
EnergyMedium impact · Low effort

Switch to 100% renewable

How it works

Directs your monthly utility bill to support wind, solar, or hydro generators instead of coal/gas.

Context & nuance

Some tariffs just 'shuffle' existing green energy rather than funding new wind/solar farms.

Market-based signal to utilities.

Optimise heating/cooling
EnergyLow impact · Low effort

Optimise heating/cooling

How it works

Uses sensors and logic to ensure you aren't heating or cooling an empty house.

Context & nuance

Savings are often lost if users feel 'guilt-free' and set the base temperature higher than before.

High tech-readiness; low friction.

Replace all bulbs with LEDs
EnergyLow impact · Low effort

Replace all bulbs with LEDs

How it works

Produces the same light for around a tenth of the energy, where old bulbs lost almost everything as heat.

Context & nuance

A 'gateway' action that shouldn't distract from high-impact thermal changes.

Quick win; global availability.

Wash clothes at 30°C or less
EnergyLow impact · Low effort

Wash clothes at 30°C or less

How it works

Eliminates the energy-intensive step of heating liters of water for every wash cycle.

Context & nuance

Drying is the real culprit; using a tumble dryer afterwards negates almost all the energy savings.

Significant cumulative energy saving.

Shift to plant-heavy diet
FoodHigh impact · High effort

Shift to plant-heavy diet

How it works

Removes the 'middleman' (animals) and gets calories directly from plants, saving land and water.

Context & nuance

What you eat (beef vs. beans) matters significantly more than where it was grown.

Targets methane and land-use emissions.

Eliminate food spoilage
FoodMedium impact · Medium effort

Eliminate food spoilage

How it works

Ensures the carbon used to grow, pack, and ship food isn't wasted for zero benefit.

Context & nuance

Wasted food rots in landfill and releases methane, which traps around 80 times more heat than CO2 over its first 20 years.

1/3 of global food is wasted; high lifecycle impact.

Prioritise seasonal produce
FoodLow impact · Medium effort

Prioritise seasonal produce

How it works

Reduces the need for long-distance refrigerated shipping and energy-heavy greenhouses.

Context & nuance

Eating 'local' hothouse tomatoes in winter can be higher carbon than shipping them from the south.

Reduces 'food miles' and heated greenhouse use.

Buy used goods
ConsumptionMedium impact · Medium effort

Buy used goods

How it works

Keeps existing items in use, preventing the emissions required to mine and manufacture new ones.

Context & nuance

Buying 10 'second-hand' items you don't need still contributes to a shipping footprint.

Avoids 'embedded carbon' in new manufacturing.

Keep tech for 5+ years
ConsumptionMedium impact · Medium effort

Keep tech for 5+ years

How it works

Spreads the massive 'startup' carbon cost of making a device over a longer period of time.

Context & nuance

Up to 80% of a laptop's lifetime emissions occur during manufacturing.

Electronics have high mining and mfg footprint.

Avoid 'Fast Fashion'
ConsumptionMedium impact · High effort

Avoid 'Fast Fashion'

How it works

Lowers the demand for cheap, oil-based synthetic fabrics and high-turnover production.

Context & nuance

Synthetic clothes (polyester) are essentially oil-based and shed plastic into the water.

Textile industry is a top water/carbon polluter.

Fix broken goods
ConsumptionLow impact · High effort

Fix broken goods

How it works

Prevents 'broken' items from becoming waste and stops the carbon-heavy cycle of new production.

Context & nuance

Many modern electronics are designed to be impossible to repair without specialized tools.

Supports circular economy; high effort.

Reduce digital storage
ConsumptionLow impact · Low effort

Reduce digital storage

How it works

Lowers the cooling and power demand on massive server farms that store 'junk' data.

Context & nuance

Data centers are the fastest-growing energy consumers; 'Digital waste' is physically real.

Targets data center energy use (the 'hidden' footprint).

Reduce non-essentials
ConsumptionMedium impact · High effort

Reduce non-essentials

How it works

Attacks the root cause of emissions by simply reducing the total volume of goods produced.

Context & nuance

This is hard because it actively pushes against global advertising and social norms.

Psychological shift away from consumerism.

Eliminate single-use plastic
ConsumptionLow impact · Medium effort

Eliminate single-use plastic

How it works

Reduces the demand for virgin plastic, which is made from oil and gas feedstocks.

Context & nuance

Replacing plastic with heavy glass/paper can sometimes increase carbon.

Mostly waste-focused, but reduces oil demand.

Push for green company policy
CollectiveHigh impact · High effort

Push for green company policy

How it works

Uses your influence as an employee to shift large-scale budgets and supply chains.

Context & nuance

Your personal footprint is 1, but your company's could be 10,000. This scales your influence.

Leverages professional influence for scale.

Vote and lobby for policy
CollectiveHigh impact · Medium effort

Vote and lobby for policy

How it works

Changes the 'rules of the game' so that green choices become the cheapest and easiest for everyone.

Context & nuance

Individual actions hit a wall if the government doesn't build the trains or green the grid.

The ultimate systemic lever.